Can a resource owner bid directly on the support services market or is an intermediary needed?

An actor must be the BSP (Balance Service Provider) to submit bids on the ancillary services markets. To sign a BSP agreement you must firstly be a BRP (Balance Responsible Part). The exception is FFR, where special seasonal procurement takes place in advance and bids are submitted directly to Svenska kraftnät. An actor who is not or does not want to become a BSP can prequalify via a BSP as a subcontractor.

The minimum bid size requirements for the different markets determine whether a small resource, such as a battery, can bid on its own or needs to be aggregated with other resources into a group to meet the minimum bid size requirement.